README.txt: A Memoir

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a b c Tate, Julie (August 21, 2013). "Judge sentences Bradley Manning to 35 years". The Washington Post.

Chelsea Manning fought a complex system to transition in Chelsea Manning fought a complex system to transition in

a b c Savage, Charlie (January 17, 2017). "Obama Commutes Bulk of Chelsea Manning's Sentence". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 17, 2017 . Retrieved January 17, 2017. The detention conditions prompted national and international concern. Juan E. Méndez, United Nations Special Rapporteur on torture, told The Guardian that the U.S. government's treatment of Manning was "cruel, inhuman and degrading". [182] In January 2011, Amnesty International asked the British government to intervene because of Manning's status as a British citizen by descent, although Manning's lawyer said Manning did not regard herself as a British citizen. [183] On March 10, State Department spokesman Philip J. Crowley criticized Manning's treatment as "ridiculous, counterproductive and stupid". [184] The following day, President Obama responded to Crowley's comments, saying the Pentagon had assured him that Manning's treatment was "appropriate and meet[s] our basic standards". Under political pressure, Crowley resigned three days after his comments. [185] On March 15, 295 members of the academic legal community signed a statement arguing that Manning was being subjected to "degrading and inhumane pretrial punishment" and criticizing Obama's comments. [186] On April 20, the Pentagon transferred Manning to the medium-custody Midwest Joint Regional Correctional Facility, at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, where she was placed in an 80-square-foot cell with a window and a normal mattress, able to mix with other pretrial detainees and keep personal objects in her cell. [187] Evidence presented at Article 32 hearing In November 2016, Manning disclosed that she made a second suicide attempt on October 4, 2016, on the first night of her solitary confinement. [333] Hunger strike

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In April 2015, Amnesty International posted online a letter from Manning in which she described her daily life. "My days here are busy and very routine," she wrote. "I am taking college correspondence courses for a bachelor's degree. I also work out a lot to stay fit, and read newspapers, magazines and books to keep up-to-date on current events around the world and learn new things." [206] One of the documents included a battlefield video showcasing soldiers mistaking civilians and a journalist for insurgents. a b c Fritze, John (February 16, 2018). "Is Chelsea Manning's Senate campaign for real? 'I'm willing to put myself out there' ". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019 . Retrieved February 16, 2018. a b Jouvenal, Justin (January 13, 2018). "Chelsea Manning files to run for U.S. Senate in Maryland". The Washington Post. In January 2017, a Justice Department source said that Manning was on President Obama's short list for a possible commutation. [210] On January 17, 2017, President Obama commuted all but four months of Manning's remaining sentence. [8] [211] In a press conference held on January 18, Obama stated that Manning's original 35-year prison sentence was "very disproportionate relative to what other leakers have received" and that "it makes sense to commute—and not pardon—her sentence." [211] [212] In 2021, Forbes reported that Obama's commutation of Manning's sentence was "unconditional". [213] Notwithstanding her commutation, Manning's military appeal would continue, with her attorney saying, "We fight in her appeal to clear her name." [214]

Book Review: ‘README.txt,’ by Chelsea Manning - The New York

In May 2019, Manning announced that Farrar, Straus & Giroux would publish her memoir. She said it would be primarily a personal narrative that would not relitigate the facts of her case. [373] The book, titled README.txt, was published in 2022, [374] and it focuses on her early adulthood, career in the U.S. Army, and her early gender transition. [375] Writer P.E. Moskowitz interviewed Manning about the book in which Manning says, In February 2015, Katharine Viner, editor-in-chief of Guardian US, announced that Manning had joined The Guardian as a contributing opinion writer on war, gender, and freedom of information. [319] In 2014, The Guardian had published two op-eds by Manning: "How to make Isis fall on its own sword" (September 16) [320] and, "I am a transgender woman and the government is denying my civil rights" (December 8). [321] Manning's debut under the new arrangement, "The CIA's torturers and the leaders who approved their actions must face the law," appeared on March 9, 2015. [322] Palestinians reported another widespread outage of internet and phone service in Gaza early Wednesday, hours after Israeli airstrikes levelled apartment buildings near Gaza City and as ground troops battled Hamas militants inside the besieged territory. On July 5, 2016, Manning was taken to a hospital after a suicide attempt. [325] [326] [327] On July 28, 2016, the ACLU announced that Manning was under investigation and facing several possible charges related to her suicide attempt. [328] She was not allowed to have legal representation at the disciplinary hearing for these charges. [329] At the hearing, held on September 22, she was sentenced to 14 days in solitary confinement, with seven of those days suspended indefinitely. [330] Manning emerged from solitary confinement on October 12, after serving seven days; she said that she was not given the opportunity to appeal the ruling before being placed in solitary. [331] United States Ambassador to Canada David Cohen says he’s “not worried yet” about Canada’s unmet defence spending targets.On September 3, 2013, Manning's lawyer filed a Petition for Commutation of Sentence to President Obama through the pardon attorney at the Department of Justice and Secretary of the Army John M. McHugh. [202] [203] The petition contended that Manning's disclosures did not cause any "real damage", and that the documents in question did not merit protection as they were not sensitive. The request included a supporting letter from Amnesty International which said that Manning's leaks had exposed violations of human rights. David Coombs's cover letter touched on Manning's role as a whistleblower, asking that Manning be granted a full pardon or that her sentence be reduced to time served. [204] [205] Manning was released from a detention centre in Virginia in March 2020, a year after she was imprisoned, when the grand jury’s investigation expired and her testimony was no longer required. To have that much fight in her, to remain true to her principles in the face of such cost, is admirable to the point of baffling. It stems from optimism, she says, and I believe her. “I know that community is possible, because I’ve seen it, and I’ve seen it in the worst places that you can possibly imagine. Whenever humanity is pushed to the edge, I see the best, so I know it’s there.” At 34 years old, Chelsea Manning, famed for leaking confidential U.S military documents, has released a 'tell-all' book on the incident.

Chelsea Manning Chelsea Manning

The next day Michael Morell, former deputy director and twice acting director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), resigned as a nonresident senior fellow at Harvard's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. "Unfortunately," Morell wrote, "I cannot be part of an organization— The Kennedy School—that honors a convicted felon and leaker of classified information ... the Kennedy School's decision will assist Ms. Manning in her long-standing effort to legitimize the criminal path that she took to prominence, an attempt that may encourage others to leak classified information as well." [340] Later that day, CIA director Mike Pompeo advised the university that he supported Morell's decision, and withdrew from his scheduled public appearance that evening at Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government. [341] Calling Manning an "American traitor", [342] Pompeo wrote: "While I have served my country as a soldier in the United States Army and will continue to defend Ms. Manning's right to offer a defense of why she chose this path, I believe it is shameful for Harvard to place its stamp of approval upon her treasonous actions." [341] years imprisonment (commuted to 7 years total confinement), reduction in rank to private (E-1 or PVT), forfeiture of all pay and allowances, dishonorable discharge [2] Manning has avoided a rejoinder to the president’s tweet. And to the extent that WikiLeaks of 2017 (which seems to have pursued specific electoral outcomes in France and America and is dogged by the troubled reputation of its leader, Julian Assange) has a different public reputation than the 2010 organization (which claimed more categorical anti-secrecy principles), she has avoided opinions there, too. “I’ve been in prison for seven years! I’ve been completely disconnected from all of that,” she tells me. Her plan is to live in New York until late summer, then move to suburban Maryland, not far from where she was before. President Obama Grants Commutations and Pardons". obamawhitehouse.archives.gov. January 17, 2017 . Retrieved June 17, 2022. When Manning was growing up in Crescent, a town of some 1,400 north of Oklahoma City, she struggled to pinpoint a reason she felt so awkward. “I knew that I was different,” she says. “I gravitated more toward playing house, but the teachers were always pushing me toward playing the more competitive games with the boys.” She recalls, “I spent so much time wondering, What’s wrong with me? Why can’t I fit in?” Sometimes she felt left behind; at other times, she leaped out in front. Once, she and a group of other kids were allowed to take a field trip to Frontier City, an amusement park known for its loopy, soaring Silver Bullet roller coaster. Other students were petrified. Manning couldn’t wait to get on and boarded the ride all alone: “I’m a bit of an adrenaline junkie, I think it’s safe to say.”a b Radia, Kirit and Martinez, Luis. "Bradley Manning Defense Reveals Alter Ego Named 'Breanna Manning'", ABC News, December 17, 2011. Shanker, Tom (July 8, 2010). "Loophole May Have Aided Theft of Classified Data". The New York Times . Retrieved November 15, 2014.

README.txt by Chelsea Manning review – the analyst who

Pilkington, Ed (July 31, 2013). "Bradley Manning verdict: cleared of 'aiding the enemy' but guilty of other charges". The Guardian. the soldier was found guilty in their entirety of 17 out of the 22 counts against him, and of an amended version of four others. Thompson, Ginger (August 8, 2010). "Early Struggles of Soldier Charged in Leak Case". The New York Times. p.1.The cosmos is full of mysteries waiting to be solved, and some of them appear especially eerie with the arrival of Halloween. Also see "Investigators link WikiLeaks suspect to Assange", Agence France-Presse, December 20, 2011. In November 2009, Manning wrote to a gender counselor in the United States, said she felt female and discussed having surgery. The counselor told Steve Fishman of New York magazine in 2011 that it was clear Manning was in crisis, partly because of her gender concerns, but also because she was opposed to the kind of war in which she found herself involved. [95] I’m a trained data scientist. It’s what I do. Other things I do that aren’t activism-related are machine learning, artificial intelligence research — and from that I can see the warning signs of what’s coming. I am often a Cassandra, telling the world that a new technology is going to have consequences. But it’s usually ignored, and the tech is implemented. I’m trying to get people out of the awareness phase of these problems and get them to start working on prevention, actively developing countermeasures and cultural strategies to combat this stuff. Doctors have the Hippocratic oath, lawyers have the bar; they’re held to a much higher standard than machine learning experts and technology people. And people are creating things that have the potential for life-and-death consequences in the future, and they don’t have any ethical standards to abide by. Manning describes trying to release information to the press before WikiLeaks. “In 2010, I was literally scrambling around D.C. trying to get The Washington Post to publish this stuff, and then I went to The New York Times.” Manning has said that a reporter at the Post with whom she spoke briefly over the phone wouldn’t commit to a story, which she took as a sign of uninterest. At the Times, she says, she left a message on the voice mail of the ombudsman, confusingly called the Public Editor. The editor and his assistant later said that they had no memory of such a message, but explained that they received hundreds a week. “I did this all on leave,” Manning says. “I had only twelve days.” The approaching “Snowmageddon” made it harder still. Manning traveled from public phone to public phone, to avoid a traceable line. “I ran out of time,” she says. Before returning to Iraq, she sent files to WikiLeaks.